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Suicide prevention is an umbrella term for the collective efforts of local citizen organizations, mental health practitioners and related professionals to reduce the incidence of suicide. Beyond just direct interventions to stop an impending suicide, methods also involve ''a'') treating the psychological and psychophysiological symptoms of depression, ''b'') improving the coping strategies of persons who would otherwise seriously consider suicide, ''c'') reducing the prevalence of conditions believed to constitute risk factors for suicide, and ''d'') giving people hope for a better life after current problems are resolved. General efforts have included preventive and proactive measures within the realms of medicine and mental health, as well as public health and other fields. Because protective factors such as social support and connectedness, as well as environmental risk factors such as access to lethal means, appear to play significant roles in the prevention of suicide, suicide should not be viewed solely as a medical or mental health issue.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Maine Suicide Prevention Website )〕 In the U.S., suicide prevention efforts are guided by the U.S. National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, published by the Department of Health and Human Services in 2001.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Strategy for Suicide Prevention )〕 Suicide prevention interventions fall into two broad categories: prevention targeted at the level of the individual and prevention targeted at the level of the population. The purpose of the Best Practices Registry (BPR) is to identify, review, and disseminate information about best practices to address specific objectives of the National Strategy. ==Strategies== In recognition of the need for comprehensive approaches to suicide prevention, various strategies have been put forth in the last decade. In 2001, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under the direction of the Surgeon General, published the National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, establishing a framework for suicide prevention in the U.S. The document calls for a public health approach to suicide prevention, focusing on identifying patterns of suicide and suicidal behavior throughout a group or population (as opposed to exploring the history and health conditions that could lead to suicide in a single individual).〔 The document also outlines 11 specific objectives, listed below : # Promote awareness that suicide is a public health problem that is preventable # Develop broad-based support for suicide prevention # Develop and implement strategies to reduce the stigma associated with being a consumer of mental health, substance abuse and suicide prevention services # Develop and implement community-based suicide prevention programs # Promote efforts to reduce access to lethal means and methods of self-harm # Implement training for recognition of at-risk behavior and delivery of effective treatment # Develop and promote effective clinical and professional practices # Increase access to and community linkages with mental health and substance abuse services # Improve reporting and portrayals of suicidal behavior, mental illness and substance abuse in the entertainment and news media # Promote and support research on suicide and suicide prevention # Improve and expand surveillance systems 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Suicide prevention」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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